Pour most of the vegetable oil into a large, heavy-bottomed pot. Arrange the sliced onions evenly across the base, then place the meat over the onions.
Sprinkle the turmeric, salt and freshly ground black pepper over the meat.
Layer the carrots, quince, dried plums, garlic, aubergine and potatoes over the meat.
In a bowl or jug, combine the boiling water, tomato paste and lemon juice. Season with a little additional salt and stir until the tomato paste has dissolved.
Pour the tomato mixture evenly over the meat and vegetables.
Arrange the sliced tomatoes over the top and drizzle with the remaining vegetable oil.
Cover the pot and bring to a boil over high heat.
Reduce the heat to low and simmer gently, covered, for 2–2½ hours if using lamb or beef, or until the meat is tender and the vegetables are cooked through. Check occasionally and add a small amount of hot water if the pot becomes too dry.
If using chicken, begin checking after 45–60 minutes, depending on the size and cut of the chicken. Continue cooking until the chicken is cooked through and the vegetables are tender.
Taste the cooking juices and adjust the salt, pepper or lemon juice if needed.
Serve directly from the pot, making sure each portion has some of the meat, vegetables, quince and dried plums. Spoon the cooking juices generously over the top.